Which group includes substances produced in tissues that increase vascular permeability, cause vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, blood clotting, and pain nerve stimulation?

Which group includes substances produced in tissues that increase vascular permeability, cause vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, blood clotting, and pain nerve stimulation?

• A. Prostaglandins
• B. Interleukins
• C. Leukotrienes
• D. Histamines

Answer: (A)

Prostaglandins are lipid mediators made in tissues from arachidonic acid. They play a central role in inflammation by increasing vascular permeability and causing vasodilation, which leads to redness and swelling. They can also trigger bronchoconstriction, narrowing the airways. Among prostaglandins is thromboxane A2, which promotes platelet aggregation and thus blood clotting. Additionally, prostaglandins sensitize pain receptors, contributing to pain. This combination of effects—vasodilation, permeability, bronchoconstriction, clotting, and pain signaling—fits the scenario best, making prostaglandins the correct group. While other mediators can share some of these actions, the explicit link to clotting points to prostaglandins, especially with thromboxane involvement.

Prostaglandins are lipid mediators made in tissues from arachidonic acid. They play a central role in inflammation by increasing vascular permeability and causing vasodilation, which leads to redness and swelling. They can also trigger bronchoconstriction, narrowing the airways. Among prostaglandins is thromboxane A2, which promotes platelet aggregation and thus blood clotting. Additionally, prostaglandins sensitize pain receptors, contributing to pain. This combination of effects—vasodilation, permeability, bronchoconstriction, clotting, and pain signaling—fits the scenario best, making prostaglandins the correct group. While other mediators can share some of these actions, the explicit link to clotting points to prostaglandins, especially with thromboxane involvement.